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St. Kitts and Nevis

  • Capital Basseterre (17°18´N 62°44´W)
  • International airport(s) Robert L. Bradshaw International Airport, Saint Kitts; Vance W. Amory International Airport, Nevis
  • Official language(s) English
  • Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
  • Time UTC -4
  • Region Caribbean
GeographyClimateEconomyCulture
Saint Kitts and Nevis, also known as the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis, is located in the West Indies, in the Leeward chain of the Lesser Antilles. It is the smallest sovereign state in the Western Hemisphere in both area and population. The two main islands are Saint Kitts and Nevis, separated by the 3 km wide Narrows strait. Both islands are of volcanic origin, with large central peaks and tropical rainforests. Most of the population lives along the coast. Saint Kitts contains several mountain ranges, with Mount Liamuiga 1 156 m the highest peak. The land narrows in the southeast, forming a peninsula which contains the Great Salt Pond. Nevis, the smaller of the two main islands, is dominated by Nevis Peak, with a height of 985 m. There are 176 species of bird on the island. The national bird is the brown pelican.
Saint Kitts has a tropical savanna climate, while Nevis has a tropical monsoon climate. Mean monthly temperatures in the capital city, Basseterre, vary only slightly, from 24 °C to 27 °C. Average annual rainfall is approximately 2 400 mm, although with high variance in the period from 1901 to 2016. Saint Kitts and Nevis have a wet season between July and December and a drier season between January and April. -—
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In the course of its history, the island has been affected by natural disasters. In 1690, an earthquake destroyed Jamestown, the capital of Nevis, forcing the construction of a new capital at Charlestown, where further damage was caused by a hurricane in 1707. In 1998, the country and its economy suffered due to Hurricane Georges.
The economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis is characterised by the dominant tourism sector, diversified manufacturing and some agriculture. Sugar was the primary export early on, but rising production costs, low market prices and efforts to reduce dependence on sugar have led to increasing diversification of agricultural production. In recent years, construction has been booming, now accounting for about one fifth share of GDP.

According to items attribute is mandatory, Saint Kitts and Nevis attracted 1.1 million tourist arrivals in 2019 and 1.3 million in 2018, and the inbound tourism expenditure was 37 per cent over GDP in 2018. In addition to a high dependence on tourism, the country is seeking to diversify its sources of revenue by developing agriculture, increasing the export‐orientation of manufacturing and enabling financial services. The country exports many kinds of electrical products, switches and radios. Saint Kitts and Nevis' principal export destinations are United States of America, Bangladesh and Malta. At over 70 per cent, the service sector accounts for most of the country's GDP. -—
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Cricket, rugby and netball are common in Saint Kitts and Nevis. In recent years, the national football team, also known as the 'Sugar Boyz', has experienced some international success.

The national dish is stewed saltfish served with spicy plantains, coconut dumplings and seasoned breadfruit. Also popular is green papaya and dumplings in a tomato stew. One of the local dishes is pelau, which combines chicken, pig tail, saltfish and vegetables with rice and pigeon peas.
Land areakm2
Arable land%
Forest area%
Coastline
lengthkm
Exclusive economic zonekm2
Nearest
neighbourkm
Economic trendsMaritime transportPopulationInternational tradeEnvironmentInformation and communications technology
Gross domestic product
US dollars at constant prices (2015) in millions
GDP per capita

2019

US$

Productive Capacity Index

2018

Economic and environmental vulnerability index

2019

Consumer Price Index growth

2019

%

Unemployment
rate

Total %
Female %, Male %
Main economic sectors, 2019
Percentage of GDP
Tourist arrivals
Thousands of tourists, percentage of GDP
External financial resources
Percentage of GDP
Public debt as % of GDP

2018

%

Fleet size
Number of ships
Ship type20112019
Total fleet1 4071 407
Oil tankers264266
Bulk carriers311333
General cargo16177
Container ships5249
Other types of ships619682
Port performance
Ranked by 2019 data within SIDS group
Indicators2019SIDS Ranking
Number of port calls79819
Median time in port (days)031
Average age of vessels225
Average size (GT) of vessels49 1524
Container port throuput

2019

TEU

Bilateral connectivity index, 2019
Top 5 partners
Liner shipping connectivity index
Maximum China Q1 2006=100
Total population
Thousands of people, share of urban population
Population development indicators
IndicatorsPeriodValue
Poverty headcount (% of population)....
Human development index20180.8
Human assets index202097
Adult literacy rate (15+ years, both sexes %)....
Gender inequality index....
Life expectancy at birth

years

Population density

2019

persons per km2
Dependency
ratio

2019

Child:
Old-age:
Age structure by gender, 2019
Percentage of total population
Merchandise and services trade
US dollars in millions
Indicators20052010201520192019 (% of GDP)
Merchandise exports343255585.5
Merchandise imports21027029733832.2
Services exports16315049658755.9
Services imports9511121625624.4
Trade openness
Goods and services

% of GDP

Export concentration index

2019

Food import
dependency
Average 2015-2019

Top 5 partners in merchandise trade, 2019
Exports in millions US dollars
Merchandise exports by product group, 2019
Services exports by category, 2019
CO2 emissions per capita
Kg per capita
CO2 emissions per GDP
Kg per 2010 US$ of GDP
Renewable energy share in total energy consumption, 2017
Percentage of total energy consumption
Material
footprint
per capita

2016

kg

Terrestrial
protected
area

2018

%

Marine
protected
area

2018

%

Disasters indicators
Data not available
Trade in ICT goods

Exports: %
Imports: %
Trade in ICT services

Exports: %
Imports: %
Share of
internet users

%

Fixed broadband vs Mobile broadband subscriptions
Number of subscriptions per 100 people
Sources
Source of data: -—
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except indicators listed below.
References
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