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  • Capital Roseau (15°18´N 61°23´W)
  • International airport(s) Douglas-Charles Airport, Marigot
  • Official language(s) English
  • Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
  • Time UTC -4
  • Region Caribbean
GeographyClimateEconomyCulture
Dominica is a small island state in the Caribbean Sea, to the south of Guadeloupe and north of Martinique. The highest peak is Morne Diablotins, rising 1 447 m above sea level. Dominica is the youngest island in the Lesser Antilles and is still being formed by geothermal‐volcanic activity. It has the world's second‐largest hot spring, called Boiling Lake. Dominica is known as 'The Nature Island of the Caribbean', as the mountainous island and its rainforests are home to many rare plants, animals and birds. The Sisserou parrot (also called the imperial amazon) is the island's national bird, lives only in Dominica and is featured on the national flag. Dominica's flag is one of only two national flags that include the colour purple, the other being Nicaragua.
Dominica has a tropical maritime climate with a relatively cool and dry season from January to mid‐April and a hot and rainy season from mid‐June to mid‐November. The average monthly temperature is around 25‐26 °C, dropping only a little to 24‐25 °C in the period from December to February. The average annual rainfall is 3 200 mm. -—
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However, while some of the western coast can be rather dry (below 2 000 mm annually), heavy rainfalls occur more often inland and on the eastern coast, around 5 000 mm annually ‐ in some places even up to 9 000 mm. The northeastern slopes of Morne Diablotins are among the rainiest places in the world. Dominica is vulnerable to hurricanes, which usually hit between June and October, sometimes causing heavy rains, extensive flooding, landslides, destroying homes and causing damage to agriculture. The country is the third most at-risk country according to the United Nations University -—
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World Risk Index.
Dominica has traditionally been dependent on agriculture, mainly bananas, but is diversifying its economy to make the country an eco‐tourism destination. In addition to bananas, its main export products include soap, bay oil, vegetables and revenue stamps. Nearly one third of the labour force works in agriculture. The economy is highly vulnerable to natural disasters and weather conditions. Economic growth relies on increases in tourism, construction, and offshore and other services, in addition to the banana industry.

Tourism has developed more slowly in Dominica than on other Caribbean islands. Cruise ship stopovers have increased with the better availability of modern waterfront facilities in the capital, Roseau. Dominica makes an attractive tourism destination with its mountains, rainforests, lakes and hot springs, waterfalls and related water sport opportunities. In 2019, Dominica attracted over 322 thousand tourist arrivals compared to 199 thousand in 2018. The growth is likely to have increased inbound tourism expenditure over GDP from 21 per cent recorded in 2018. -—
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Music and dance are important in the Dominican culture. Creole festival weeks have been organised since 1997, called 'Creole in the Park' and the 'World Creole Music Festival'. Exile One was a famous music group from the 1970s and paved the way for modern Creole music. Dominica's music mixes Haitian, Afro‐Cuban, African and European music styles. The second Pirates of the Caribbean film was largely filmed in Dominica as well as parts of the third film in the series.

Dominicans eat often saltfish and baked goods for breakfast or for a fast‐food snack throughout the day. Cornmeal porridge is also part of a typical breakfast – made with fine cornmeal or polenta, milk, condensed milk and sugar. Common vegetables include peas, plantains, potatoes, rice, tanias (a root vegetable) and yams. These are often prepared with meat or fish in stews with onions, carrots, garlic, ginger and herbs like thyme. The vegetables and meat are browned to create a rich dark sauce.

Cricket is a popular sport in Dominica. Association football, basketball, netball, rugby and tennis are gaining in popularity as well. In 2014, Dominica participated for the first and only time in the Winter Olympics, competing in cross‐country skiing. Dominicans also participate in Track and Field, winning a bronze medal from the 1995 World Championships in the triple jump.
Land areakm2
Arable land%
Forest area%
Coastline
lengthkm
Exclusive economic zonekm2
Nearest
neighbourkm
Economic trendsMaritime transportPopulationInternational tradeEnvironmentInformation and communications technology
Gross domestic product
US dollars at constant prices (2015) in millions
GDP per capita

2019

US$

Productive Capacity Index

2018

Economic and environmental vulnerability index

2019

Consumer Price Index growth

2019

%

Unemployment
rate

Total %
Female %, Male %
Main economic sectors, 2019
Percentage of GDP
Tourist arrivals
Thousands of tourists, percentage of GDP
External financial resources
Percentage of GDP
Public debt as % of GDP

2018

%

Fleet size
Number of ships
Ship type20112019
Total fleet1 4071 407
Oil tankers264266
Bulk carriers311333
General cargo16177
Container ships5249
Other types of ships619682
Port performance
Ranked by 2019 data within SIDS group
Indicators2019SIDS Ranking
Number of port calls33024
Median time in port (days)0.430
Average age of vessels1714
Average size (GT) of vessels34 8078
Container port throuput

2019

TEU

Bilateral connectivity index, 2019
Top 5 partners
Liner shipping connectivity index
Maximum China Q1 2006=100
Total population
Thousands of people, share of urban population
Population development indicators
IndicatorsPeriodValue
Poverty headcount (% of population)....
Human development index20180.7
Human assets index202091
Adult literacy rate (15+ years, both sexes %)....
Gender inequality index....
Life expectancy at birth

years

Population density

2019

persons per km2
Dependency
ratio

2019

Child:
Old-age:
Age structure by gender, 2019
Percentage of total population
Merchandise and services trade
US dollars in millions
Indicators20052010201520192019 (% of GDP)
Merchandise exports423730183.1
Merchandise imports16522421429450.5
Services exports8613722114825.4
Services imports506813214324.6
Trade openness
Goods and services

% of GDP

Export concentration index

2019

Food import
dependency
Average 2015-2019

Top 5 partners in merchandise trade, 2019
Exports in millions US dollars
Merchandise exports by product group, 2019
Services exports by category, 2019
CO2 emissions per capita
Kg per capita
CO2 emissions per GDP
Kg per 2010 US$ of GDP
Renewable energy share in total energy consumption, 2017
Percentage of total energy consumption
Material
footprint
per capita

2016

kg

Terrestrial
protected
area

2018

%

Marine
protected
area

2018

%

Disasters indicators
Data not available
Trade in ICT goods

Exports: %
Imports: %
Trade in ICT services

Exports: %
Imports: %
Share of
internet users

%

Fixed broadband vs Mobile broadband subscriptions
Number of subscriptions per 100 people
Sources
Source of data: -—
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except indicators listed below.
References
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