Trinidad and Tobago
- Capital Port of Spain (10°40´N 61°30´W)
- International airport(s) Piarco International Airport, Piarco; A.N.R. Robinson International Airport, Crown Point
- Official language(s) English
- Currency Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)
- Time UTC -4
- Region Caribbean
GeographyClimateEconomyCulture
Trinidad and Tobago is the southern‐most island country in the Caribbean. Located 130 km south of Grenada and 11 km north east of the Venezuelan coast, Trinidad and Tobago share maritime boundaries with Barbados, Grenada, Guyana and Venezuela. Trinidad is traversed by three distinct mountain ranges that are a continuation of the Venezuelan coastal cordillera. As it was once part of continental South America, Trinidad has an assortment of tropical vegetation and wildlife considerably more varied than most Caribbean islands. Tobago has a generally similar but less varied flora.
Trinidad and Tobago have a maritime tropical climate with two seasons annually: a dry season from January to May, and a rainy season for the remainder of the year. Annual minimum and maximum temperatures are 23 °C and 31 °C, respectively, with a mean daily temperature of 26 °C. The island receives an average of 1 600 mm of rainfall per year, usually concentrated in the months of June through December -—
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—-, when brief, intense showers frequently occur. During the dry season, drought plagues the island's central interior. Trinidad and Tobago lie outside the main hurricane alleys. Hurricane Ivan was the most powerful storm to pass close to the islands in 2004. In the northern part of the country the climate is cooler due to constant cloud and mist cover and heavy rains in the mountains.
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—-, when brief, intense showers frequently occur. During the dry season, drought plagues the island's central interior. Trinidad and Tobago lie outside the main hurricane alleys. Hurricane Ivan was the most powerful storm to pass close to the islands in 2004. In the northern part of the country the climate is cooler due to constant cloud and mist cover and heavy rains in the mountains.
Trinidad and Tobago is one of the most developed economies in the Caribbean, with a correspondingly high GDP per capita of US$17 000, current prices, in 2019 -—
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—-. The economy is strongly influenced by the petroleum industry and has a viable manufacturing sector that supplies food, beverages and cement to the Caribbean region. The United States of America and many Latin American countries are important export destinations. Oil and gas typically account for around 40 per cent of GDP and 80 per cent of exports, but less than 5 per cent of employment. According to items attribute is mandatory, about 60 per cent of employed men work in services and 86 per cent of women. Tourism is important, especially to Tobago, and has been growing, but is not as central to the economy as in some other Caribbean islands. In 2019, the country received 480 thousand tourist arrivals with an inbound tourism expenditure of 2 per cent over GDP -—
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—-. The main agricultural products include citrus and cocoa.
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—-. The economy is strongly influenced by the petroleum industry and has a viable manufacturing sector that supplies food, beverages and cement to the Caribbean region. The United States of America and many Latin American countries are important export destinations. Oil and gas typically account for around 40 per cent of GDP and 80 per cent of exports, but less than 5 per cent of employment. According to items attribute is mandatory, about 60 per cent of employed men work in services and 86 per cent of women. Tourism is important, especially to Tobago, and has been growing, but is not as central to the economy as in some other Caribbean islands. In 2019, the country received 480 thousand tourist arrivals with an inbound tourism expenditure of 2 per cent over GDP -—
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—-. The main agricultural products include citrus and cocoa.
The islands of Trinidad and Tobago have produced writers of international stature, including Samuel Selvon, Earl Lovelace and Nobel Prize for Literature winner V.S. Naipaul, as well as the noted cultural historian and cricket writer C.L.R. James.
The cuisine of Trinidad and Tobago reflects the rich diversity of African, Arabic, Cajun, Creolean, European, Indian, Spanish and Chinese influence among others. Indian dishes like channa (chickpeas), curry, aloo choka (potatoes) and roti (flatbread) are popular. The Creole cuisine adds stewed chicken, red beans and homemade ginger beer. Chowmein, dumplings and crab represent Chinese dishes consumed in the country. People of the country are known to be highly generous with food at religious and social events and festivals.
The cuisine of Trinidad and Tobago reflects the rich diversity of African, Arabic, Cajun, Creolean, European, Indian, Spanish and Chinese influence among others. Indian dishes like channa (chickpeas), curry, aloo choka (potatoes) and roti (flatbread) are popular. The Creole cuisine adds stewed chicken, red beans and homemade ginger beer. Chowmein, dumplings and crab represent Chinese dishes consumed in the country. People of the country are known to be highly generous with food at religious and social events and festivals.
Land areakm2
Arable land%
Forest area%
Coastline
lengthkm
lengthkm
Exclusive economic zonekm2
Nearest
neighbourkm
neighbourkm
Economic trendsMaritime transportPopulationInternational tradeEnvironmentInformation and communications technology
Gross domestic product
US dollars at constant prices (2015) in millions
US dollars at constant prices (2015) in millions
GDP per capita
2019
US$
Productive Capacity Index
2018
Economic and environmental vulnerability index
2019
Consumer Price Index growth
2019
%
Unemployment
rate
Female %, Male %
rate
Total %
Female %, Male %
Main economic sectors, 2019
Percentage of GDP
Percentage of GDP
Tourist arrivals
Thousands of tourists, percentage of GDP
Thousands of tourists, percentage of GDP
External financial resources
Percentage of GDP
Percentage of GDP
Public debt as % of GDP
2018
%
Fleet size
Number of ships
Number of ships
Ship type | 2011 | 2019 |
---|---|---|
Total fleet | 1 407 | 1 407 |
Oil tankers | 264 | 266 |
Bulk carriers | 311 | 333 |
General cargo | 161 | 77 |
Container ships | 52 | 49 |
Other types of ships | 619 | 682 |
Port performance
Ranked by 2019 data within SIDS group
Ranked by 2019 data within SIDS group
Indicators | 2019 | SIDS Ranking |
---|---|---|
Number of port calls | 5 127 | 3 |
Median time in port (days) | 1 | 8 |
Average age of vessels | 13 | 28 |
Average size (GT) of vessels | 17 375 | 17 |
Container port throuput
2019
TEU
Bilateral connectivity index, 2019
Top 5 partners
Top 5 partners
Liner shipping connectivity index
Maximum China Q1 2006=100
Maximum China Q1 2006=100
Total population
Thousands of people, share of urban population
Thousands of people, share of urban population
Population development indicators
Indicators | Period | Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Poverty headcount (% of population) | .. | .. | |
Human development index | 2018 | 0.8 | |
Human assets index | 2020 | 93 | |
Adult literacy rate (15+ years, both sexes %) | .. | .. | |
Gender inequality index | 2019 | 0.3 |
Life expectancy at birth
years
Population density
2019
persons per km2Dependency
ratio
Old-age:
ratio
2019
Child:Old-age:
Age structure by gender, 2019
Percentage of total population
Percentage of total population
Merchandise and services trade
US dollars in millions
US dollars in millions
Indicators | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2019 | 2019 (% of GDP) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Merchandise exports | 9 942 | 10 982 | 10 748 | 7 192 | 31 |
Merchandise imports | 5 694 | 6 480 | 9 233 | 6 327 | 27.3 |
Services exports | 897 | 874 | 1 125 | 772 | 3.3 |
Services imports | 545 | 389 | 2 914 | 1 708 | 7.4 |
Trade openness
Goods and services
Goods and services
% of GDP
Export concentration index
2019
Food import
dependency
Average 2015-2019
dependency
Average 2015-2019
Top 5 partners in merchandise trade, 2019
Exports in millions US dollars
Exports in millions US dollars
Merchandise exports by product group, 2019
Services exports by category, 2019
CO2 emissions per capita
Kg per capita
Kg per capita
CO2 emissions per GDP
Kg per 2010 US$ of GDP
Kg per 2010 US$ of GDP
Renewable energy share in total energy consumption, 2017
Percentage of total energy consumption
Percentage of total energy consumption
Material
footprint
per capita
footprint
per capita
2016
kg
Terrestrial
protected
area
protected
area
2018
%
Marine
protected
area
protected
area
2018
%
Disasters indicators
Data not available
Trade in ICT goods
Imports: %
Exports: %
Imports: %
Trade in ICT services
Imports: %
Exports: %
Imports: %
Fixed broadband vs Mobile broadband subscriptions
Number of subscriptions per 100 people
Number of subscriptions per 100 people
Sources
Source of data: -—
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—- except indicators listed below.
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—- except indicators listed below.
- Adult literacy rate: -—
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—- - Arable land: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.ARBL.ZS - CO2 emissions per capita: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC - CO2 emissions per GDP: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.KD.GD - Distance to nearest neighbour: -—
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—- https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/cshapes/index.html - Economic losses due to disasters: -—
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—- https://www.sdg.org/datasets/e3adb2406c2e452b81c3654e276fc5ca_0 - Exclusive economic zone: -—
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—- http://www.seaaroundus.org/ - Fixed broadband/mobile subscriptions: -—
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—-. World telecommunication/ICT indicators database. Available at https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx (accessed 28 May 2020). - Forest area: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.ZS - Gender inequality index: -—
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—-. Gender inequality index (GII), http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/gender-inequality-index-gii - Human assets index: -—
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—- http://data.uis.unesco.org/ - Human development index: -—
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—- http://hdr.undp.org/en/data# - Life expectancy at birth: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN - Marine protected area: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS - Material footprint: -—
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—- https://environmentlive.unep.org/indicator/index/12_2_1 - Number of people affected by disasters: -—
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—- https://www.sdg.org/datasets/1beb260e9ca14674b391b815e4874990_0 - ODA: -—
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—- https://stats.oecd.org - Percentage of population in low elevated coastal zones: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.EL5M.ZS - Poverty headcount ratio: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.DDAY - Renewable energy share in total energy consumption: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.KD.GD - Share of internet users: -—
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—-. World telecommunication/ICT indicators database. Available at https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx (accessed 28 May 2020). - Terrestrial protected area: -—
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—- https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ER.LND.PTLD.ZS - Tourism: -—
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—- Compendium of Tourism Statistics dataset [Electronic], UNWTO, Madrid, data updated on 21/09/2020. - Unemployment rate, total/female/male: -—
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—- https://www.ilo.org/shinyapps/bulkexplorer2/?lang=en&segment=indicator&id=SDG_0852_SEX_AGE_RT_A - World risk index: -—
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—-: https://weltrisikobericht.de/download/1386/
References
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Donec tincidunt vel mauris a dignissim. Curabitur sodales nunc id vestibulum tempor. Nunc tortor orci, sodales nec eros eget.
Donec tincidunt vel mauris a dignissim. Curabitur sodales nunc id vestibulum tempor. Nunc tortor orci, sodales nec eros eget.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Donec tincidunt vel mauris a dignissim. Curabitur sodales nunc id vestibulum tempor. Nunc tortor orci, sodales nec eros eget.
Donec tincidunt vel mauris a dignissim. Curabitur sodales nunc id vestibulum tempor. Nunc tortor orci, sodales nec eros eget.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Donec tincidunt vel mauris a dignissim. Curabitur sodales nunc id vestibulum tempor. Nunc tortor orci, sodales nec eros eget.
Donec tincidunt vel mauris a dignissim. Curabitur sodales nunc id vestibulum tempor. Nunc tortor orci, sodales nec eros eget.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Donec tincidunt vel mauris a dignissim. Curabitur sodales nunc id vestibulum tempor. Nunc tortor orci, sodales nec eros eget.
Donec tincidunt vel mauris a dignissim. Curabitur sodales nunc id vestibulum tempor. Nunc tortor orci, sodales nec eros eget.