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Guinea-Bissau

  • Capital Bissau (11°52′N, 15°36′W)
  • International airport(s) Osvaldo Vieira International Airport
  • Official language(s) Portuguese, Guinea-Bissau Creole
  • Currency West African CFA Franc
  • Time UTC (GMT)
  • Region Atlantic and Indian Ocean
GeographyClimateEconomyCulture
Guinea-Bissau is a small country situated in Western Africa, bordered by Senegal, Guinea-Conakry and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. It is composed of an archipelago, the Bijagos, of more than 100 islands. Only twenty islands are populated year-round. Several ecosystems cohabitate on the islands, such as mangroves, coastal savanna, sand banks and palm forests.

Guinea-Bissau consists mostly of low coastal plains and low-lying plateaus with a highest point at around 300m in the east of the country. Swamps of mangroves rise to the forest-savanna in the eastern part of the country, where both the Cacheu and Geba rivers cross. The southern edge of the Senegal River basin meets with Guinea-Bissau’s interior plains.
Situated in the inter-tropical zone, with several winds circling near the Equator, Guinea-Bissau is composed of two distinct climatic regions: the tropical and humid sub-Guinean, which is characterized by heavy rainfall, and the tropical Sudanese region influencing the eastern half of the country, characterized by high temperature ranges -—
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The country is warm all year round, with an average temperature of 26°C, experiencing a dryer season with droughts between December and April, with a peak of temperature reaching nearly 30°C in April. Rainfall increases between May and November, reaching almost 500 mm in August. Climate fluctuations have been observed with the dry season lasting longer, especially in the eastern region of the country, and a late start of the rainy season beginning mid-June instead of mid-May. -—
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According to the United Nations University -—
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World Risk Index, Guinea-Bissau ranks 24th in the list of world’s most at-risk country for natural hazards, and 5th in Africa. The country is experiencing recurrent droughts, rising sea levels and deforestation.
Guinea-Bissau’s economy was traditionally primarily based on agriculture. According to the -—
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, roughly 10 per cent of the territory is classified as arable land. Agriculture accounts for about 68 per cent of employment in the country, roughly the same for women and men -—
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. The share of agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing in total value added has been relatively stable for decades at about 50 per cent; services accounted for about 36 per cent and industry for 13 per cent in 2019 -—
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. About one quarter of women and men are employed in services, and more than 9 per cent of men in industry, with women’s share about half of that -—
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. Inbound tourism expenditure’s share of GDP has been consistently low at about 1.5 per cent -—
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Cashew cultivation is important for Guinea-Bissau’s economy, both for economic performance and poverty reduction. The country’s international trade is highly concentrated: more than 80 per cent of exports go to India, with Singapore and the United States of America also being important export destinations -—
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Guinea-Bissau is culturally very rich and composed of diverse ethnic groups with different customs, languages and social structures. The unique music style of the country is called gumbe, and the primary musical instrument is the cabasa, with accompanying songs’ lyrics almost always in Guinea-Bissau creole.

People consume mostly rice on the coast and millet in the interior of the country, but common dishes also include soups and stews, sweet potato, plantain and cassava among others.

The most popular sport in Guinea-Bissau is football, with the national team being a member of the Confederation of Africa Football and FIFA.
Land areakm2
Arable land%
Forest area%
Coastline
lengthkm
Exclusive economic zonekm2
Nearest
neighbourkm
Economic trendsMaritime transportPopulationInternational tradeEnvironmentInformation and communications technology
Gross domestic product
US dollars at constant prices (2015) in millions
GDP per capita

2019

US$

Productive Capacity Index

2018

Economic and environmental vulnerability index

2019

Consumer Price Index growth

2019

%

Unemployment
rate

Total %
Female %, Male %
Main economic sectors, 2019
Percentage of GDP
Tourist arrivals
Thousands of tourists, percentage of GDP
External financial resources
Percentage of GDP
Public debt as % of GDP

2018

%

Fleet size
Number of ships
Ship type20112019
Total fleet1 4071 407
Oil tankers264266
Bulk carriers311333
General cargo16177
Container ships5249
Other types of ships619682
Port performance
Ranked by 2019 data within SIDS group
Indicators2019SIDS Ranking
Number of port calls14631
Median time in port (days)32
Average age of vessels209
Average size (GT) of vessels8 97826
Container port throuput

2019

TEU

Bilateral connectivity index, 2019
Top 5 partners
Liner shipping connectivity index
Maximum China Q1 2006=100
Total population
Thousands of people, share of urban population
Population development indicators
IndicatorsPeriodValue
Poverty headcount (% of population)201068.4
Human development index20180.5
Human assets index202038
Adult literacy rate (15+ years, both sexes %)....
Gender inequality index....
Life expectancy at birth

years

Population density

2019

persons per km2
Dependency
ratio

2019

Child:
Old-age:
Age structure by gender, 2019
Percentage of total population
Merchandise and services trade
US dollars in millions
Indicators20052010201520192019 (% of GDP)
Merchandise exports8912725224918.8
Merchandise imports12319620733525.3
Services exports54436403
Services imports4210313116112.2
Trade openness
Goods and services

% of GDP

Export concentration index

2019

Food import
dependency
Average 2015-2019

Top 5 partners in merchandise trade, 2019
Exports in millions US dollars
Merchandise exports by product group, 2019
Services exports by category, 2019
CO2 emissions per capita
Kg per capita
CO2 emissions per GDP
Kg per 2010 US$ of GDP
Renewable energy share in total energy consumption, 2017
Percentage of total energy consumption
Material
footprint
per capita

2016

kg

Terrestrial
protected
area

2018

%

Marine
protected
area

2018

%

Disasters indicators
Data not available
Trade in ICT goods

Exports: %
Imports: %
Trade in ICT services

Exports: %
Imports: %
Share of
internet users

%

Fixed broadband vs Mobile broadband subscriptions
Number of subscriptions per 100 people
Sources
Source of data: -—
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except indicators listed below.
References
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